After being granted the privileges for the EMP_MGMT package, a user can explicitly execute any of the procedures contained in it. Figure 14 - 3 illustrates a package that encapsulates a number of procedures used to manage an employee database.ĭatabase applications explicitly call packaged procedures as necessary. Similar to standalone procedures and functions, packaged procedures and functions can be called explicitly by applications or users. Packages A package is a group of related procedures and functions, together with the cursors and variables they use, stored together in the database for continued use as a unit. This statement places a new employee record for TSMITH in the EMP table. Alternatively, a privileged user might use Server Manager to execute the HIRE_EMP procedure using the following statement:ĮXECUTE hire_emp ('TSMITH', 'CLERK', 1037, SYSDATE, \ 500, NULL, 20) The stored procedure in Figure 14 - 1, which inserts an employee record into the EMP table, is shown in Figure 14 - 2.Īll of the database applications in Figure 14 - 1 call the HIRE_EMP procedure. Figure 14 - 1 illustrates a simple procedure stored in the database, being called by several different database applications. You can execute a procedure or function interactively using an Oracle tool, such as SQL*Plus, or call it explicitly in the code of a database application, such as an Oracle Forms or Precompiler application, or in the code of another procedure or trigger. Procedures and functions are created in a user's schema and stored in a database for continued use. Stored Procedures and Functions A procedure or function is a schema object that logically groups a set of SQL and other PL/SQL programming language statements together to perform a specific task. Procedures, functions, and packages are all examples of PL/SQL program units. Oracle allows you to access and manipulate database information using procedural schema objects called PL/SQL program units. Īn Introduction to Stored Procedures and Packages If you are using Trusted Oracle, see the Trusted Oracle7 Server Administrator's Guide.
For information about the dependencies of procedures, functions, and packages, and how Oracle manages these dependencies, see Chapter 16, "Dependencies Among Schema Objects".
The information in this chapter applies only to those systems using Oracle with the procedural option. This chapter discusses the procedural capabilities of Oracle. We're dealing here with science, but it is science which has not yet beenįully codified by scientific minds.
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